Showing posts with label Ministry of Education. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ministry of Education. Show all posts

Follow Your Government's Instruction and You'll Be OK, Says the Government

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Saturday, August 13, 2011

First, the Japanese government who is losing credibility by the day, if not by the hour, among the Japanese population and the world at large over its (non-)handling of the nuclear and radiation crisis.



The Ministry of Education and Science has just created a new booklet for elementary schools, junior high schools, and high schools to be used in the new semester starting in September to teach children about "radiation", and what to do in a nuclear disaster like the one they've been having since March 11.



So let's take a look. What are the children supposed to do in the post-Fukushima age? Here's from Asahi Shinbun (3:02AM JST 8/14/2011) as to why this booklet has been created:

  • To give children the basic understanding of radiation

  • To prevent bullying of children from Fukushima in their new schools outside Fukushima [for those children lucky enough to get out of Fukushima]

  • To teach that radiation is emitted from radioactive materials like uranium, and that we may be exposed to radiation from natural sources as well as in medical treatments anyway

  • To teach them the effect of radiation in different dosage

  • To teach them that radiation is not contagious

  • To teach them to pay close attention to the announcements by the national government and municipal governments in the event of a nuclear accident and evacuate accordingly.

About the last point, many people did just that. They followed the government instruction on evacuation and ended up going where the radioactive plume went - north and northwest, then change direction and headed south from there. The government instruction, assisted by the nuclear experts back in March, was to go as far away from the plant, in any direction, as the strength of radiation decreases with the distance. What they forgot to tell the populace is that it was not a nuclear bomb that exploded in a flash but a broken nuclear reactor releasing a tremendous amount of radioactive nuclides in a plume.



Anecdotes of children from Fukushima being bullied were reported back in April and May, and the media made much of them. Whether they were true or another "baseless rumor" from the government, I do not know.



The booklet continues the government's position to confuse "radiation" with "radioactive nuclides", making it appear as if radioactive nuclides that exist in nature are no different from the man-made radioactive nuclides. (That will be another post.) I'm pretty positive that the booklet will have the illustration of the different level of radiation from different sources, rendering everything into numbers in microsievert and millisievert.



And here's the US government, telling farm supply stores, gun shops, military surplus stores and even hotels and motels to watch out for domestic "terrorists". The FBI brochures ask proprietors, clerks and others to watch out for "potential indicators" of terrorism. In the brochure "handed out to surplus stores by agents of the FBI in Denver in recent days", those "potential indicators" include, among other seemingly legitimate concerns:

  • Insist on paying with cash

  • Significantly alter appearances from visit to visit (haircolor, beard, dress)

  • Have missing fingers/hand, strange odors, bright stains on clothes

  • Make bulk purchase of the following items:

    Weatherproofed ammunition and match containers

    Meals Ready to Eat

    Night vision devices, night flashlights

Cash is now a terrorist tool. Flashlight, too.



Never mind that, as the linked article points out, another branch of the same government, FEMA, tells citizens to store up on flashlights and matches in a weatherproof containers and ready-to-eat foods as part of disaster preparedness. So you go to a surplus supply store to stock up on these essential disaster preparedness items as recommended by FEMA, and you may become a "terrorist" according to FBI. Catch 22.

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#Radioactive Beef Consumed in School Lunches in 296 Schools in 12 Prefectures in Japan

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Wednesday, August 10, 2011

and 43% of the schools are located in Yokohama City alone.



From Asahi Shinbun (3:02AM JST 8/11/2011):

放射性セシウムに汚染された疑いのある牛肉を給食に使っていた学校や幼稚園が12都県の296施設に上ることが、文部科学省の調 査で分かった。うち2校では国の暫定基準値を超えるセシウムを検出。健康に影響はないとみられるが、文科省は食材の出荷制限などの情報に注意するよう学校 現場に呼びかけている。



The survey by the Ministry of Education and Science has revealed that 296 schools in 12 prefectures have used beef from cows suspected of radioactive cesium contamination. 2 schools used the beef whose cesium level exceeded the provisional safety limit. It is not considered the level of cesium in the meat will affect health, but the ministry is telling the schools to pay attention to information on shipping restriction on food items [due to radiation].



 文科省によると、9日現在で、汚染され た稲わらを食べた可能性のある牛の肉は、東北から中国、四国にかけての20市町の小中高・特別支援学校278校と幼稚園18園の給食で、カレーや牛丼、肉 じゃがなどに使われていたことが判明。横浜市で127校、岐阜市で53校・園、宮城県の4市町では30校・園に上る。東日本が主だが、三重、島根、香川の 計4市40校・園でも使われていた。



According to the ministry, as of August 9, the meat from the cows that may have eaten radioactive rice hay was used in school lunches in 278 elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools, and special education schools, and 18 kindergartens, in 20 cities and towns in Japan. 127 schools in Yokohama City used it, so did 53 schools and kindergartens in Gifu City [in Gifu Prefecture], and 30 schools and kindergartens in 4 cities in Miyagi Prefecture. The schools are mostly located in eastern Japan, but 40 schools in 4 cities in Mie, Shimane, Kagawa Prefectures also used the meat.



 在庫の肉を検査できた約30施設のうち、放射性物質が 検出されたのは8施設。うち宮城県の特別支援学校と千葉県の小学校の計2校では、国の暫定基準値(1キロあたり500ベクレル)を超える1293~649 ベクレルが検出された。ただしいずれの自治体も、1人あたりの肉の使用量は少なく、健康への影響はないとしている。



30 schools were able to test the remaining meat, and radioactive materials were detected at 8 schools. Of the 8 schools, two schools - a special education school for students with disabilities in Miyagi Prefecture and an elementary school in Chiba, had the meat that exceeded the provisional safety limit (500 becquerels/kg of radioactive cesium), testing 1,293 to 649 becquerels/kg. The municipalities say the amount of contaminated beef per person is small, and it won't affect the health.

In the meantime, the Food Safety Commission under the Cabinet Office is soliciting public comments (in Japanese alone please, says the Commission) on their detailed justification for their decision to set 100 millisieverts for life-time allowable radiation exposure for the Japanese. If you read their conclusion, you would think there would be no problem with any of the nuclides that have been released from the broken nuclear power plant in Fukushima. (More later.)

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Japan's Minister of Education Visits Monju, Says Fast Breeder Is Necessary for Japan

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Thursday, August 4, 2011

Minister of Education and Science Yoshiaki Takagi, a former union official at a shipyard in Nagasaki before he ran for office, visited Monju, the troubled fast breeder reactor in Tsuruga City in Fukui Prefecture where Governor Nishikawa may be jockeying for an advantageous position vis a vis the national government on the Hokuriku Shinkansen (bullet train) project and opposing the re-start of the reactors in his prefecture.

From Nikkei Shinbun (8/3/2011):

高木義明文部科学相は3日、高速増殖炉「もんじゅ」(福井県敦賀市)を視察し、東京電力福島第1原発の事故を踏まえた安全対策の実施状況を確認した。

Minister of Education and Science Yoshiaki Takagi visited Fast Breeder Reactor "Monju" in Tsuruga City, Fukui Prefecture to be briefed on the implementation of safety measures after the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant accident.

 視察後に記者団の取材に応じた高木文科相は、「ウラン燃料を有効に使い、廃棄物をより少なくする研究開発は資源の乏しい日本に適している」と高速増殖炉開発の意義を強調した。一方で今後の開発方針は「政府のエネルギー・環境会議で、再生可能エネルギーの普及状況などをしっかり議論をする中で方向性が出てくる」と明言を避けた。

After the visit, the minister gave comments to the press, "Research and development to find ways to use uranium fuel more effectively and to reduce nuclear waste is a natural fit for Japan, which has scarce natural resources", emphasizing the importance of developing a fast breeder reactor. However, he avoided specifics of the future development policy and said "it will be made clear through the discussion of renewable energy in the government's energy and environmental committees".

 高木文科相は7月15日午前の閣議後の記者会見で、もんじゅについて開発中止を含めて検討する考えを示唆した後、同日夕に発言を事実上撤回した。

Minister Takagi hinted at discontinuing the development of Monju during the press conference after the cabinet meeting on July 15 morning, but effectively withdrew his comment in the evening of the same day.

Since Sellafield is closing its MOX-fuel plant specifically designed for the Japanese nuclear industry due to uncertain prospect after the Fukushima accident, Monju will be needed more than ever, if it ever succeeds in running for more than a few weeks.

Or the new generation of fast breeder reactor, to be built by Mitsubishi FBR Systems, which was set up by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 2007. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries was selected by the government (Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industries) and the Federation of Electric Power Companies as the core company to develop the next generation fast breeder reactor in 2006.

There is no "free market" for the nuclear industry.

(In case you are wondering why the Ministry of Education is involved in nuclear power, it's because the Ministry absorbed the Science and Technology Agency in 2001. The Science and Technology Agency was set up as an independent agency under the Prime Minister's Office in 1956, for the express purpose of promoting nuclear energy in Japan. Its first head was Matsutaro Shoriki, "father of Japan's nuclear energy" who was also the owner of Yomiuri Shinbun and Nippon Television Network.)

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#Radiation in Japan: Government to Survey Half of Japan for Soil Contamination

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Monday, July 25, 2011

Afraid of a "chaos" in the harvest season, perhaps?

After more than 4 months since the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant accident started, the Japanese government must be feeling it safe to admit to a far wider contamination by radioactive fallout.

The Ministry of Education and Science announced that it will conduct the aerial survey of 23 prefectures (out of total 47) to determine the level of soil contamination. For some reason, Hokkaido is excluded, but every prefecture from Aomori to Shiga, which is located about in the middle of the Honshu Island will be surveyed. It's all of Tohoku, Kanto, Chubu-Hokuriku.

(In the map, Hokuriku is bundled with Chubu; Hokuriku includes prefectures facing the Japan Sea. For more details within the regions, go to the web-japan.org page.)

If I were the official at the Ministry, I would test Hokkaido, too. I have seen too many radioactive plumes sweeping the island of Hokkaido in the simulation animations by several European meteorological institutions. (For the latest from the German Weather Bureau, go here. But even they will stop publishing the dispersion map on July 29... )

From NHK News Japanese (4:28AM JST 7/26/2011):

東京電力福島第一原子力発電所の事故の影響で広がった放射性物質の範囲を調べるため、文部科学省は、青森県から滋賀県までの23の都と県で、ヘリコプターを使って上空から土壌の汚染状況の調査を行うことになりました。

The Ministry of Education and Science will conduct the aerial survey using helicopters to determine the level of soil contamination from radioactive materials released from Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant. The survey will be conducted in 23 prefectures from Aomori to Shiga.

文部科学省は、福島第一原発の事故で拡散した放射性物質の状況を上空からヘリコプターを使って福島県や宮城県で調べていて、今月20日には、宮城県の土壌汚染マップを公表しています。上空からの土壌汚染の調査は、ほかの県からも調査の要請が相次いだことから、文部科学省は、青森県から滋賀県までの23の都と県で行うことになりました。調査は、自治体のヘリコプターを利用して行われ、上空150メートルから300メートル付近より、大型の検出器を使ってガンマ線の量を測定し、地上付近の値を換算することにしています。調査は、26日から茨城県でも始まる予定で、年内には予定している宮城、秋田、山形、岩手、福島、青森、東京、長野、新潟、山梨、神奈川、群馬、茨城、千葉、栃木、埼玉、愛知、石川、静岡、福井、冨山、岐阜、滋賀の23都県すべてで終えたいとしています。

The Ministry has been conducting the aerial survey in Fukushima and Miyagi Prefectures, and on July 20 disclosed the soil contamination map of Miyagi Prefecture. There have been requests for the aerial survey for soil contamination, so the Ministry has decided to do it in 23 prefectures. The survey will be done using the helicopters owned by the prefectures. The gamma rays will be measured from a large gamma-ray detector on board the helicopter from 150 to 300 meters from the ground, and the radiation level near the ground surface will be calculated. The survey will start in Ibaraki Prefecture on July 26. The Ministry hopes to finish the survey in all 23 prefectures by the end of this year. The prefectures are: Miyagi, Akita, Yamagata, Iwate, Fukushima, Aomori, Tokyo Nagano, Niigata, Yamanashi, Kanagawa, Gunma, Ibaraki, Chiba, Tochigi, Saitama, Aichi, Ishikawa, Shizuoka, Fukui, Toyama, Gifu, Shiga.

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#Radiation in Fukushima: Government Doubles the Cumulative Radiation Level in Namie-Machi to 61 Millisieverts, Citing Calculation Error

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Friday, June 3, 2011

The "impressive, well-organized" (according to IAEA) Japanese government disclosed that the Ministry of Education and Science made a calculation error, and the cumulative radiation level from March 12 to May 11 at a location in Namie-machi in Fukushima Prefecture was 61 millisieverts, not 31 as had been previously announced.

The cumulative radiation level at the location in Namie-machi up to May 25 was 73.9 millisieverts.

Oh wait.. The cumulative radiation increased 13 millisieverts in 2 weeks? That's over 20% increase.

Is it only for the Namie-machi numbers that the Ministry made a calculation error?

From Tokyo Shinbun, citing Kyodo News (9:42PM JST 6/3/2011):

 文部科学省は3日、福島第1原発の北西22キロの福島県浪江町内の1地点で、3月12日から5月25日までの約2カ月半の積算放射線量が推定73・9ミリシーベルトだったと発表。第1原発周辺の、この期間の積算線量推定分布図を公開した。

The Ministry of Education and Science announced on June 3 that the estimated cumulative radiation level from March 12 to May 25 at one location in Namie-machiFukushima Prefecture, 22 kilometers northwest of Fukushima I Nuke Plant, was 73.9 millisieverts. The Ministry also disclosed the cumulative radiation estimate map of the same period in the area around Fukushima I Nuke Plant.

  文科省は5月16日、この地点の5月11日までの積算線量は31・7ミリシーベルトと発表していたが、この日、61・1ミリシーベルトだったと訂正した。 担当者は「一部で間違った計算式を使っていた」としている。浪江町内のほかの10地点でも計算ミスがあり、大幅な過小評価になっていた。

Previously, the Ministry of Education and Science announced the cumulative radiation at this particular location up to May 11 was 31.7 millisieverts, but it corrected the number to 61.1 millisieverts. According to the person [unnamed] in charge at the Ministry, "A wrong formula was used in calculation in some parts." Calculation errors were found for 10 additional locations within Namie-machi, resulting in a vast underestimation of the radiation levels.

By the way, the video of a cute, ear-less rabbit was taken at a Namie-machi location. It was not a hoax, and it was later reported by a major newspaper (Sankei Shinbun). The person who uploaded that video said in the Youtube description that the cumulative radiation level in Namie-machi had been much higher (as measured by the residents) than the Ministry's number, up to 3 times as much. Well, Namie residents were right.

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#Radioactive Strontium from Soil Within 10 Kilometers of #Fukushima I Nuke Plant

Diposkan oleh Pengetahuan dan Pengalaman on Tuesday, May 31, 2011

A slow dribbling of information on the extent of radiation contamination, so that people in Japan don't connect the dots and figure out that their soil, water, ocean have probably been contaminated beyond repair.

It took the Ministry of Education and Science one month to announce the test result, just like when it announced the result for the locations 30 kilometers away from the plant back in mid April.

Asahi Shinbun (6/1/2011):

文部科学省は31日、福島第一原発から10キロ圏内の大熊町、双葉町の4カ所の土壌から、半減期が約29年と長い放射性物質ストロンチウム90が検出されたと発表した。

The Ministry of Education and Science announced on May 31 that the radioactive strontium-90 was detected from the soil samples at 4 locations in Okuma-machi and Futaba-machi, the towns located inside the 10-kilometer radius from Fukushima I Nuke Plant.

 土壌は4月29日~5月1日に採取した。原発から西南西約2キロの大熊町夫沢では、1キロあたり最大で68ベクレルが検出された。他の3カ所では 2.5~12ベクレルだった。半減期が約50日と短いストロンチウム89も4カ所で出ており、過去の核実験によるものではなく、第一原発から放出されたも のとみられる。ストロンチウムの土壌での基準はないが、体内に入ると骨にたまる傾向がある。

The samples were taken from April 29 to May 1. At Ottozawa district of Okuma-machi, located 2 kilometers west by southwest of the plant, 68 becquerels/kilogram strontium-90 was detected. At the other 3 locations, it was 2.5 to 12 becquerels/kilogram. Strontium-89, whose half life is 50 days, was also detected at all 4 locations. They are thought to have come from Fukushima I Nuke Plant, not from the past nuclear tests. There is no standard on the amount of strontium in the soil. Strontium tends to accumulate in the bones once ingested.

 文科省が3月中旬に浪江町と飯舘村の土壌を採取したときは、最大で1キロあたり32ベクレルが出た。東京電力が4月中旬に第一原発の敷地内で採取した土からは約570ベクレルが検出されている。

When the Ministry tested the samples taken at Namie-machi and Iitate-mura in mid March, the maximum amount of strontium detected was 32 becquerels/kilogram. From the sample that TEPCO took in mid April at Fukushima I Nuke Plant, 570 becquerels/kilogram strontium was detected.

The result of this particular test has been uploaded at the Ministry's site (image is below), but it is not just strontium that they found. They also found:

  • Cesium-136 (half-life 13 days);
  • Tellurium-129m (half-life 33.6 days)
  • Uranium-234, -235, -238;
  • Plutonium-239 and 240 (at three locations)

The Ministry believes uranium there is naturally occurring, and plutonium is from the past nuclear tests.

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